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The Sorrows of Young Werther · Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Introduction

Translated by Thomas Carlyle and R.D. Boylan

PREFACE

I have carefully collected whatever I have been able to learn of

the story of poor Werther, and here present it to you, knowing

that you will thank me for it. To his spirit and character you

cannot refuse your admiration and love: to his fate you will not

deny your tears.

And thou, good soul, who sufferest the same distress as he endured

once, draw comfort from his sorrows; and let this little book be

thy friend, if, owing to fortune or through thine own fault, thou

canst not find a dearer companion.

BOOK I

MAY 4.

How happy I am that I am gone! My dear friend, what a thing is

the heart of man! To leave you, from whom I have been inseparable,

whom I love so dearly, and yet to feel happy! I know you will

forgive me. Have not other attachments been specially appointed

by fate to torment a head like mine? Poor Leonora! and yet I was

not to blame. Was it my fault, that, whilst the peculiar charms

of her sister afforded me an agreeable entertainment, a passion

for me was engendered in her feeble heart? And yet am I wholly

blameless? Did I not encourage her emotions? Did I not feel

charmed at those truly genuine expressions of nature, which, though

but little mirthful in reality, so often amused us? Did I not --

but oh! what is man, that he dares so to accuse himself? My dear

friend I promise you I will improve; I will no longer, as has ever

been my habit, continue to ruminate on every petty vexation which

fortune may dispense; I will enjoy the present, and the past shall

be for me the past. No doubt you are right, my best of friends,

there would be far less suffering amongst mankind, if men -- and

God knows why they are so fashioned -- did not employ their

imaginations so assiduously in recalling the memory of past sorrow,

instead of bearing their present lot with equanimity. Be kind

enough to inform my mother that I shall attend to her business to

the best of my ability, and shall give her the earliest information

about it. I have seen my aunt, and find that she is very far from

being the disagreeable person our friends allege her to be. She

is a lively, cheerful woman, with the best of hearts. I explained

to her my mother's wrongs with regard to that part of her portion

which has been withheld from her. She told me the motives and

reasons of her own conduct, and the terms on which she is willing

to give up the whole, and to do more than we have asked. In short,

I cannot write further upon this subject at present; only assure

my mother that all will go on well. And I have again observed,

my dear friend, in this trifling affair, that misunderstandings

and neglect occasion more mischief in the world than even malice

and wickedness. At all events, the two latter are of less frequent

occurrence.

In other respects I am very well off here. Solitude in this

terrestrial paradise is a genial balm to my mind, and the young

spring cheers with its bounteous promises my oftentimes misgiving

heart. Every tree, every bush, is full of flowers; and one might

wish himself transformed into a butterfly, to float about in this

ocean of perfume, and find his whole existence in it.

The town itself is disagreeable; but then, all around, you find an

inexpressible beauty of nature. This induced the late Count M to

lay out a garden on one of the sloping hills which here intersect

each other with the most charming variety, and form the most lovely

valleys. The garden is simple; and it is easy to perceive, even

upon your first entrance, that the plan was not designed by a

scientific gardener, but by a man who wished to give himself up

here to the enjoyment of his own sensitive heart. Many a tear

have I already shed to the memory of its departed master in a

summer-house which is now reduced to ruins, but was his favourite

resort, and now is mine. I shall soon be master of the place.

The gardener has become attached to me within the last few days,

and he will lose nothing thereby.

MAY 10.

A wonderful serenity has taken possession of my entire soul, like

these sweet mornings of spring which I enjoy with my whole heart.

I am alone, and feel the charm of existence in this spot, which

was created for the bliss of souls like mine. I am so happy, my

dear friend, so absorbed in the exquisite sense of mere tranquil

existence, that I neglect my talents. I should be incapable of

drawing a single stroke at the present moment; and yet I feel that

I never was a greater artist than now. When, while the lovely valley

teems with vapour around me, and the meridian sun strikes the upper

surface of the impenetrable foliage of my trees, and but a few stray

gleams steal into the inner sanctuary, I throw myself down among the

tall grass by the trickling stream; and, as I lie close to the earth,

a thousand unknown plants are noticed by me: when I hear the buzz of

the little world among the stalks, and grow familiar with the countless

indescribable forms of the insects and flies, then I feel the presence

of the Almighty, who formed us in his own image, and the breath of

that universal love which bears and sustains us, as it floats around

us in an eternity of bliss; and then, my friend, when darkness overspreads

my eyes, and heaven and earth seem to dwell in my soul and absorb its

power, like the form of a beloved mistress, then I often think with

longing, Oh, would I could describe these conceptions, could impress

upon paper all that is living so full and warm within me, that it might

be the mirror of my soul, as my soul is the mirror of the infinite

God! O my friend -- but it is too much for my strength -- I sink

under the weight of the splendour of these visions!

MAY 12.

I know not whether some deceitful spirits haunt this spot, or

whether it be the warm, celestial fancy in my own heart which

makes everything around me seem like paradise. In front of the

house is a fountain, -- a fountain to which I am bound by a charm

like Melusina and her sisters. Descending a gentle slope, you come

to an arch, where, some twenty steps lower down, water of the

clearest crystal gushes from the marble rock. The narrow wall which

encloses it above, the tall trees which encircle the spot, and the

coolness of the place itself, -- everything imparts a pleasant but

sublime impression. Not a day passes on which I do not spend an

hour there. The young maidens come from the town to fetch water,

-- innocent and necessary employment, and formerly the occupation of

the daughters of kings. As I take my rest there, the idea of the old

patriarchal life is awakened around me. I see them, our old ancestors,

how they formed their friendships and contracted alliances at the

fountain-side; and I feel how fountains and streams were guarded by

beneficent spirits. He who is a stranger to these sensations has

never really enjoyed cool repose at the side of a fountain after the

fatigue of a weary summer day.

MAY 13.

You ask if you shall send me books. My dear friend, I beseech you,

for the love of God, relieve me from such a yoke! I need no more

to be guided, agitated, heated. My heart ferments sufficiently of

itself. I want strains to lull me, and I find them to perfection

in my Homer. Often do I strive to allay the burning fever of my

blood; and you have never witnessed anything so unsteady, so

uncertain, as my heart. But need I confess this to you, my dear

friend, who have so often endured the anguish of witnessing my

sudden transitions from sorrow to immoderate joy, and from sweet

melancholy to violent passions? I treat my poor heart like a sick

child, and gratify its every fancy. Do not mention this again:

there are people who would censure me for it.

MAY 15.

The common people of the place know me already, and love me,

particularly the children. When at first I associated with them,

and inquired in a friendly tone about their various trifles, some

fancied that I wished to ridicule them, and turned from me in

exceeding ill-humour. I did not allow that circumstance to grieve

me: I only felt most keenly what I have often before observed.

Persons who can claim a certain rank keep themselves coldly aloof

from the common people, as though they feared to lose their importance

by the contact; whilst wanton idlers, and such as are prone to bad

joking, affect to descend to their level, only to make the poor

people feel their impertinence all the more keenly.

I know very well that we are not all equal, nor can be so; but it

is my opinion that he who avoids the common people, in order not

to lose their respect, is as much to blame as a coward who hides

himself from his enemy because he fears defeat.

The other day I went to the fountain, and found a young servant-girl,

who had set her pitcher on the lowest step, and looked around to

see if one of her companions was approaching to place it on her

head. I ran down, and looked at her. "Shall I help you, pretty

lass?" said I. She blushed deeply. "Oh, sir!" she exclaimed.

"No ceremony!" I replied. She adjusted her head-gear, and I

helped her. She thanked me, and ascended the steps.

MAY 17.

I have made all sorts of acquaintances, but have as yet found no

society. I know not what attraction I possess for the people, so

many of them like me, and attach themselves to me; and then I feel

sorry when the road we pursue together goes only a short distance.

If you inquire what the people are like here, I must answer, "The

same as everywhere." The human race is but a monotonous affair.

Most of them labour the greater part of their time for mere

subsistence; and the scanty portion of freedom which remains to

them so troubles them that they use every exertion to get rid of

it. Oh, the destiny of man!

But they are a right good sort of people. If I occasionally forget

myself, and take part in the innocent pleasures which are not yet

forbidden to the peasantry, and enjoy myself, for instance, with

genuine freedom and sincerity, round a well-covered table, or

arrange an excursion or a dance opportunely, and so forth, all

this produces a good effect upon my disposition; only I must forget

that there lie dormant within me so many other qualities which

moulder uselessly, and which I am obliged to keep carefully concealed.

Ah! this thought affects my spirits fearfully. And yet to be

misunderstood is the fate of the like of us.

Alas, that the friend of my youth is gone! Alas, that I ever knew

her! I might say to myself, "You are a dreamer to seek what is

not to be found here below." But she has been mine. I have

possessed that heart, that noble soul, in whose presence I seemed

to be more than I really was, because I was all that I could be.

Good heavens! did then a single power of my soul remain unexercised?

In her presence could I not display, to its full extent, that

mysterious feeling with which my heart embraces nature? Was not

our intercourse a perpetual web of the finest emotions, of the

keenest wit, the varieties of which, even in their very eccentricity,

bore the stamp of genius? Alas! the few years by which she was

my senior brought her to the grave before me. Never can I forget

her firm mind or her heavenly patience.

A few days ago I met a certain young V--, a frank, open fellow,

with a most pleasing countenance. He has just left the university,

does not deem himself overwise, but believes he knows more than

other people. He has worked hard, as I can perceive from many

circumstances, and, in short, possesses a large stock of information.

When he heard that I am drawing a good deal, and that I know Greek

(two wonderful things for this part of the country), he came to

see me, and displayed his whole store of learning, from Batteaux

to Wood, from De Piles to Winkelmann: he assured me he had read

through the first part of Sultzer's theory, and also possessed a

manuscript of Heyne's work on the study of the antique. I allowed

it all to pass.

I have become acquainted, also, with a very worthy person, the

district judge, a frank and open-hearted man. I am told it is a

most delightful thing to see him in the midst of his children, of

whom he has nine. His eldest daughter especially is highly spoken

of. He has invited me to go and see him, and I intend to do so

on the first opportunity. He lives at one of the royal hunting-lodges,

which can be reached from here in an hour and a half by walking,

and which he obtained leave to inhabit after the loss of his wife,

as it is so painful to him to reside in town and at the court.

There have also come in my way a few other originals of a questionable

sort, who are in all respects undesirable, and most intolerable

in their demonstration of friendship. Good-bye. This letter will

please you: it is quite historical.

MAY 22.

That the life of man is but a dream, many a man has surmised

heretofore; and I, too, am everywhere pursued by this feeling.

When I consider the narrow limits within which our active and

inquiring faculties are confined; when I see how all our energies

are wasted in providing for mere necessities, which again have no

further end than to prolong a wretched existence; and then that

all our satisfaction concerning certain subjects of investigation

ends in nothing better than a passive resignation, whilst we amuse

ourselves painting our prison-walls with bright figures and brilliant

landscapes, -- when I consider all this, Wilhelm, I am silent.

I examine my own being, and find there a world, but a world rather

of imagination and dim desires, than of distinctness and living

power. Then everything swims before my senses, and I smile and

dream while pursuing my way through the world.

All learned professors and doctors are agreed that children do not

comprehend the cause of their desires; but that the grown-up should

wander about this earth like children, without knowing whence they

come, or whither they go, influenced as little by fixed motives,

but guided like them by biscuits, sugar-plums, and the rod, -- this

is what nobody is willing to acknowledge; and yet I think it is

palpable.

I know what you will say in reply; for I am ready to admit that

they are happiest, who, like children, amuse themselves with their

playthings, dress and undress their dolls, and attentively watch

the cupboard, where mamma has locked up her sweet things, and,

when at last they get a delicious morsel, eat it greedily, and

exclaim, "More!" These are certainly happy beings; but others

also are objects of envy, who dignify their paltry employments,

and sometimes even their passions, with pompous titles, representing

them to mankind as gigantic achievements performed for their welfare

and glory. But the man who humbly acknowledges the vanity of all

this, who observes with what pleasure the thriving citizen converts

his little garden into a paradise, and how patiently even the poor

man pursues his weary way under his burden, and how all wish equally

to behold the light of the sun a little longer, -- yes, such a man

is at peace, and creates his own world within himself; and he is

also happy, because he is a man. And then, however limited his

sphere, he still preserves in his bosom the sweet feeling of liberty,

and knows that he can quit his prison whenever he likes.

MAY 26.

You know of old my ways of settling anywhere, of selecting a little

cottage in some cosy spot, and of putting up in it with every

inconvenience. Here, too, I have discovered such a snug, comfortable

place, which possesses peculiar charms for me.

About a league from the town is a place called Walheim. (The reader

need not take the trouble to look for the place thus designated.

We have found it necessary to change the names given in the original.)

It is delightfully situated on the side of a hill; and, by proceeding

along one of the footpaths which lead out of the village, you can

have a view of the whole valley. A good old woman lives there,

who keeps a small inn. She sells wine, beer, and coffee, and is

cheerful and pleasant notwithstanding her age. The chief charm

of this spot consists in two linden-trees, spreading their enormous

branches over the little green before the church, which is entirely

surrounded by peasants' cottages, barns, and homesteads. I have

seldom seen a place so retired and peaceable; and there often have

my table and chair brought out from the little inn, and drink my

coffee there, and read my Homer. Accident brought me to the spot

one fine afternoon, and I found it perfectly deserted. Everybody

was in the fields except a little boy about four years of age, who

was sitting on the ground, and held between his knees a child about

six months old: he pressed it to his bosom with both arms, which

thus formed a sort of arm-chair; and, notwithstanding the liveliness

which sparkled in its black eyes, it remained perfectly still.

The sight charmed me. I sat down upon a plough opposite, and

sketched with great delight this little picture of brotherly

tenderness. I added the neighbouring hedge, the barn-door, and

some broken cart-wheels, just as they happened to lie; and I found

in about an hour that I had made a very correct and interesting

drawing, without putting in the slightest thing of my own. This

confirmed me in my resolution of adhering, for the future, entirely

to nature. She alone is inexhaustible, and capable of forming the

greatest masters. Much may be alleged in favour of rules, as much

may be likewise advanced in favour of the laws of society: an

artist formed upon them will never produce anything absolutely bad

or disgusting; as a man who observes the laws, and obeys decorum,

can never be an absolutely intolerable neighbour, nor a decided

villain: but yet, say what you will of rules, they destroy the

genuine feeling of nature, as well as its true expression. Do not

tell me "that this is too hard, that they only restrain and prune

superfluous branches, etc." My good friend, I will illustrate

this by an analogy. These things resemble love. A warmhearted

youth becomes strongly attached to a maiden: he spends every hour

of the day in her company, wears out his health, and lavishes his

fortune, to afford continual proof that he is wholly devoted to

her. Then comes a man of the world, a man of place and respectability,

and addresses him thus: "My good young friend, love is natural;

but you must love within bounds. Divide your time: devote a portion

to business, and give the hours of recreation to your mistress.

Calculate your fortune; and out of the superfluity you may make

her a present, only not too often, -- on her birthday, and such

occasions." Pursuing this advice, he may become a useful member

of society, and I should advise every prince to give him an

appointment; but it is all up with his love, and with his genius

if he be an artist. O my friend! why is it that the torrent of

genius so seldom bursts forth, so seldom rolls in full-flowing

stream, overwhelming your astounded soul? Because, on either side

of this stream, cold and respectable persons have taken up their

abodes, and, forsooth, their summer-houses and tulip-beds would

suffer from the torrent; wherefore they dig trenches, and raise

embankments betimes, in order to avert the impending danger.

MAY 27.

I find I have fallen into raptures, declamation, and similes, and

have forgotten, in consequence, to tell you what became of the

children. Absorbed in my artistic contemplations, which I briefly

described in my letter of yesterday, I continued sitting on the

plough for two hours. Toward evening a young woman, with a basket

on her arm, came running toward the children, who had not moved

all that time. She exclaimed from a distance, "You are a good

boy, Philip!" She gave me greeting: I returned it, rose, and

approached her. I inquired if she were the mother of those pretty

children. "Yes," she said; and, giving the eldest a piece of

bread, she took the little one in her arms and kissed it with a

mother's tenderness. "I left my child in Philip's care," she said,

"whilst I went into the town with my eldest boy to buy some wheaten

bread, some sugar, and an earthen pot." I saw the various articles

in the basket, from which the cover had fallen. "I shall make

some broth to-night for my little Hans (which was the name of the

youngest): that wild fellow, the big one, broke my pot yesterday,

whilst he was scrambling with Philip for what remained of the

contents." I inquired for the eldest; and she bad scarcely time

to tell me that he was driving a couple of geese home from the

meadow, when he ran up, and handed Philip an osier-twig. I talked

a little longer with the woman, and found that she was the daughter

of the schoolmaster, and that her husband was gone on a journey

into Switzerland for some money a relation had left him. "They

wanted to cheat him," she said, "and would not answer his letters;

so he is gone there himself. I hope he has met with no accident,

as I have heard nothing of him since his departure." I left the

woman, with regret, giving each of the children a kreutzer, with

an additional one for the youngest, to buy some wheaten bread for

his broth when she went to town next; and so we parted. I assure

you, my dear friend, when my thoughts are all in tumult, the sight

of such a creature as this tranquillises my disturbed mind. She

moves in a happy thoughtlessness within the confined circle of her

existence; she supplies her wants from day to day; and, when she

sees the leaves fall, they raise no other idea in her mind than

that winter is approaching. Since that time I have gone out there

frequently. The children have become quite familiar with me; and

each gets a lump of sugar when I drink my coffee, and they share

my milk and bread and butter in the evening. They always receive

their kreutzer on Sundays, for the good woman has orders to give

it to them when I do not go there after evening service. They are

quite at home with me, tell me everything; and I am particularly

amused with observing their tempers, and the simplicity of their

behaviour, when some of the other village children are assembled

with them.

It has given me a deal of trouble to satisfy the anxiety of the

mother, lest (as she says) "they should inconvenience the gentleman."

MAY 30.

What I have lately said of painting is equally true with respect

to poetry. It is only necessary for us to know what is really

excellent, and venture to give it expression; and that is saying

much in few words. To-day I have had a scene, which, if literally

related, would, make the most beautiful idyl in the world. But

why should I talk of poetry and scenes and idyls? Can we never

take pleasure in nature without having recourse to art?

If you expect anything grand or magnificent from this introduction,

you will be sadly mistaken. It relates merely to a peasant-lad,

who has excited in me the warmest interest. As usual, I shall

tell my story badly; and you, as usual, will think me extravagant.

It is Walheim once more -- always Walheim -- which produces these

wonderful phenomena.

A party had assembled outside the house under the linden-trees,

to drink coffee. The company did not exactly please me; and, under

one pretext or another, I lingered behind.

A peasant came from an adjoining house, and set to work arranging

some part of the same plough which I had lately sketched. His

appearance pleased me; and I spoke to him, inquired about his

circumstances, made his acquaintance, and, as is my wont with

persons of that class, was soon admitted into his confidence. He

said he was in the service of a young widow, who set great store

by him. He spoke so much of his mistress, and praised her so

extravagantly, that I could soon see he was desperately in love

with her. "She is no longer young," he said: "and she was treated

so badly by her former husband that she does not mean to marry

again." From his account it was so evident what incomparable

charms she possessed for him, and how ardently he wished she would

select him to extinguish the recollection of her first husband's

misconduct, that I should have to repeat his own words in order

to describe the depth of the poor fellow's attachment, truth, and

devotion. It would, in fact, require the gifts of a great poet

to convey the expression of his features, the harmony of his voice,

and the heavenly fire of his eye. No words can portray the

tenderness of his every movement and of every feature: no effort

of mine could do justice to the scene. His alarm lest I should

misconceive his position with regard to his mistress, or question

the propriety of her conduct, touched me particularly. The charming

manner with which he described her form and person, which, without

possessing the graces of youth, won and attached him to her, is

inexpressible, and must be left to the imagination. I have never

in my life witnessed or fancied or conceived the possibility of

such intense devotion, such ardent affections, united with so much

purity. Do not blame me if I say that the recollection of this

innocence and truth is deeply impressed upon my very soul; that

this picture of fidelity and tenderness haunts me everywhere; and

that my own heart, as though enkindled by the flame, glows and

burns within me.

I mean now to try and see her as soon as I can: or perhaps, on

second thoughts, I had better not; it is better I should behold

her through the eyes of her lover. To my sight, perhaps, she would

not appear as she now stands before me; and why should I destroy

so sweet a picture?

JUNE 16.

"Why do I not write to you?" You lay claim to learning, and ask

such a question. You should have guessed that I am well -- that

is to say -- in a word, I have made an acquaintance who has won

my heart: I have -- I know not.

To give you a regular account of the manner in which I have become

acquainted with the most amiable of women would be a difficult task.

I am a happy and contented mortal, but a poor historian.

An angel! Nonsense! Everybody so describes his mistress; and yet

I find it impossible to tell you how perfect she is, or why she is

so perfect: suffice it to say she has captivated all my senses.

So much simplicity with so much understauding -- so mild, and yet

so resolute -- a mind so placid, and a life so active.

But all this is ugly balderdash, which expresses not a single

character nor feature. Some other time -- but no, not some other

time, now, this very instant, will I tell you all about it. Now

or never. Well, between ourselves, since I commenced my letter,

I have been three times on the point of throwing down my pen, of

ordering my horse, and riding out. And yet I vowed this morning

that I would not ride to-day, and yet every moment I am rushing

to the window to see how high the sun is.

I could not restrain myself -- go to her I must. I have just

returned, Wilhelm; and whilst I am taking supper I will write to

you. What a delight it was for my soul to see her in the midst

of her dear, beautiful children, -- eight brothers and sisters!

But, if I proceed thus, you will be no wiser at the end of my

letter than you were at the beginning. Attend, then, and I will

compel myself to give you the details.

I mentioned to you the other day that I had become acquainted with

S--, the district judge, and that he had invited me to go and visit

him in his retirement, or rather in his little kingdom. But I

neglected going, and perhaps should never have gone, if chance had

not discovered to me the treasure which lay concealed in that

retired spot. Some of our young people had proposed giving a ball

in the country, at which I consented to be present. I offered my

hand for the evening to a pretty and agreeable, but rather commonplace,

sort of girl from the immediate neighbourhood; and it was agreed

that I should engage a carriage, and call upon Charlotte, with my

partner and her aunt, to convey them to the ball. My companion

informed me, as we drove along through the park to the hunting-lodge,

that I should make the acquaintance of a very charming young lady.

"Take care," added the aunt, "that you do not lose your heart."

"Why?" said I. "Because she is already engaged to a very worthy

man," she replied, "who is gone to settle his affairs upon the

death of his father, and will succeed to a very considerable

inheritance." This information possessed no interest for me.

When we arrived at the gate, the sun was setting behind the tops

of the mountains. The atmosphere was heavy; and the ladies expressed

their fears of an approaching storm, as masses of low black clouds

were gathering in the horizon. I relieved their anxieties by

pretending to be weather-wise, although I myself had some

apprehensions lest our pleasure should be interrupted.

I alighted; and a maid came to the door, and requested us to wait

a moment for her mistress. I walked across the court to a well-built

house, and, ascending the flight of steps in front, opened the door,

and saw before me the most charming spectacle I had ever witnessed.

Six children, from eleven to two years old, were running about the

hall, and surrounding a lady of middle height, with a lovely figure,

dressed in a robe of simple white, trimmed with pink ribbons. She

was holding a rye loaf in her hand, and was cutting slices for the

little ones all around, in proportion to their age and appetite.

She performed her task in a graceful and affectionate manner; each

claimant awaiting his turn with outstretched hands, and boisterously

shouting his thanks. Some of them ran away at once, to enjoy their

evening meal; whilst others, of a gentler disposition, retired to

the courtyard to see the strangers, and to survey the carriage in

which their Charlotte was to drive away. "Pray forgive me for

giving you the trouble to come for me, and for keeping the ladies

waiting: but dressing, and arranging some household duties before

I leave, had made me forget my children's supper; and they do not

like to take it from any one but me." I uttered some indifferent

compliment: but my whole soul was absorbed by her air, her voice,

her manner; and I had scarcely recovered myself when she ran into

her room to fetch her gloves and fan. The young ones threw inquiring

glances at me from a distance; whilst I approached the youngest,

a most delicious little creature. He drew back; and Charlotte,

entering at the very moment, said, "Louis, shake hands with your

cousin." The little fellow obeyed willingly; and I could not

resist giving him a hearty kiss, notwithstanding his rather dirty

face. "Cousin," said I to Charlotte, as I handed her down, "do

you think I deserve the happiness of being related to you?" She

replied, with a ready smile, "Oh! I have such a number of cousins,

that I should be sorry if you were the most undeserving of them."

In taking leave, she desired her next sister, Sophy, a girl about

eleven years old, to take great care of the children, and to say

good-bye to papa for her when he came home from his ride. She

enjoined to the little ones to obey their sister Sophy as they

would herself, upon which some promised that they would; but a

little fair-haired girl, about six years old, looked discontented,

and said, "But Sophy is not you, Charlotte; and we like you best."

The two eldest boys had clambered up the carriage; and, at my

request, she permitted them to accompany us a little way through

the forest, upon their promising to sit very still, and hold fast.

We were hardly seated, and the ladies had scarcely exchanged

compliments, making the usual remarks upon each other's dress, and

upon the company they expected to meet, when Charlotte stopped the

carriage, and made her brothers get down. They insisted upon

kissing her hands once more; which the eldest did with all the

tenderness of a youth of fifteen, but the other in a lighter and

more careless manner. She desired them again to give her love to

the children, and we drove off.

The aunt inquired of Charlotte whether she had finished the book

she had last sent her. "No," said Charlotte; "I did not like it:

you can have it again. And the one before was not much better."

I was surprised, upon asking the title, to hear that it was ____.

(We feel obliged to suppress the passage in the letter, to prevent

any one from feeling aggrieved; although no author need pay much

attention to the opinion of a mere girl, or that of an unsteady

young man.)

I found penetration and character in everything she said: every

expression seemed to brighten her features with new charms, --with

new rays of genius, -- which unfolded by degrees, as she felt

herself understood.

"When I was younger," she observed, "I loved nothing so much as

romances. Nothing could equal my delight when, on some holiday,

I could settle down quietly in a corner, and enter with my whole

heart and soul into the joys or sorrows of some fictitious Leonora.

I do not deny that they even possess some charms for me yet. But

I read so seldom, that I prefer books suited exactly to my taste.

And I like those authors best whose scenes describe my own situation

in life, -- and the friends who are about me, whose stories touch

me with interest, from resembling my own homely existence, -- which,

without being absolutely paradise, is, on the whole, a source of

indescribable happiness."

I endeavoured to conceal the emotion which these words occasioned,

but it was of slight avail; for, when she had expressed so truly

her opinion of "The Vicar of Wakefield," and of other works, the

names of which I omit (Though the names are omitted, yet the authors

mentioned deserve Charlotte's approbation, and will feel it in

their hearts when they read this passage. It concerns no other

person.), I could no longer contain myself, but gave full utterance

to what I thought of it: and it was not until Charlotte had addressed

herself to the two other ladies, that I remembered their presence,

and observed them sitting mute with astonishment. The aunt looked

at me several times with an air of raillery, which, however, I did

not at all mind.

We talked of the pleasures of dancing. "If it is a fault to love

it," said Charlotte, "I am ready to confess that I prize it above

all other amusements. If anything disturbs me, I go to the piano,

play an air to which I have danced, and all goes right again

directly."

You, who know me, can fancy how steadfastly I gazed upon her rich

dark eyes during these remarks, how my very soul gloated over her

warm lips and fresh, glowing cheeks, how I became quite lost in

the delightful meaning of her words, so much so, that I scarcely

heard the actual expressions. In short, I alighted from the

carriage like a person in a dream, and was so lost to the dim

world around me, that I scarcely heard the music which resounded

from the illuminated ballroom.

The two Messrs. Andran and a certain N. N. (I cannot trouble myself

with the names), who were the aunt's and Charlotte's partners,

received us at the carriage-door, and took possession of their

ladies, whilst I followed with mine.

We commenced with a minuet. I led out one lady after another,

and precisely those who were the most disagreeable could not bring

themselves to leave off. Charlotte and her partner began an English

country dance, and you must imagine my delight when it was their

turn to dance the figure with us. You should see Charlotte dance.

She dances with her whole heart and soul: her figure is all harmony,

elegance, and grace, as if she were conscious of nothing else, and

had no other thought or feeling; and, doubtless, for the moment,

every other sensation is extinct.

She was engaged for the second country dance, but promised me the

third, and assured me, with the most agreeable freedom, that she

was very fond of waltzing. "It is the custom here," she said,

"for the previous partners to waltz together; but my partner is

an indifferent waltzer, and will feel delighted if I save him the

trouble. Your partner is not allowed to waltz, and, indeed, is

equally incapable: but I observed during the country dance that

you waltz well; so, if you will waltz with me, I beg you would

propose it to my partner, and I will propose it to yours." We

agreed, and it was arranged that our partners should mutually

entertain each other.

We set off, and, at first, delighted ourselves with the usual

graceful motions of the arms. With what grace, with what ease,

she moved! When the waltz commenced, and the dancers whirled

around each other in the giddy maze, there was some confusion,

owing to the incapacity of some of the dancers. We judiciously

remained still, allowing the others to weary themselves; and, when

the awkward dancers had withdrawn, we joined in, and kept it up

famously together with one other couple, -- Andran and his partner.

Never did I dance more lightly. I felt myself more than mortal,

holding this loveliest of creatures in my arms, flying, with her

as rapidly as the wind, till I lost sight of every other object;

and O Wilhelm, I vowed at that moment, that a maiden whom I loved,

or for whom I felt the slightest attachment, never, never should

waltz with any one else but with me, if I went to perdition for it!

-- you will understand this.

We took a few turns in the room to recover our breath. Charlotte

sat down, and felt refreshed by partaking of some oranges which I

had had secured, -- the only ones that had been left; but at every

slice which, from politeness, she offered to her neighbours, I felt

as though a dagger went through my heart.

We were the second couple in the third country dance. As we were

going down (and Heaven knows with what ecstasy I gazed at her arms

and eyes, beaming with the sweetest feeling of pure and genuine

enjoyment), we passed a lady whom I had noticed for her charming

expression of countenance; although she was no longer young. She

looked at Charlotte with a smile, then, holding up her finger in

a threatening attitude, repeated twice in a very significant tone

of voice the name of "Albert."

"Who is Albert," said I to Charlotte, "if it is not impertinent

to ask?" She was about to answer, when we were obliged to separate,

in order to execute a figure in the dance; and, as we crossed over

again in front of each other, I perceived she looked somewhat

pensive. "Why need I conceal it from you?" she said, as she gave

me her hand for the promenade. "Albert is a worthy man, to whom

I am engaged." Now, there was nothing new to me in this (for the

girls had told me of it on the way); but it was so far new that

I had not thought of it in connection with her whom, in so short

a time, I had learned to prize so highly. Enough, I became confused,

got out in the figure, and occasioned general confusion; so that

it required all Charlotte's presence of mind to set me right by

pulling and pushing me into my proper place.

The dance was not yet finished when the lightning which had for

some time been seen in the horizon, and which I had asserted to

proceed entirely from heat, grew more violent; and the thunder was

heard above the music. When any distress or terror surprises us

in the midst of our amusements, it naturally makes a deeper impression

than at other times, either because the contrast makes us more

keenly susceptible, or rather perhaps because our senses are then

more open to impressions, and the shock is consequently stronger.

To this cause I must ascribe the fright and shrieks of the ladies.

One sagaciously sat down in a corner with her back to the window,

and held her fingers to her ears; a second knelt down before her,

and hid her face in her lap; a third threw herself between them,

and embraced her sister with a thousand tears; some insisted on

going home; others, unconscious of their actions, wanted sufficient

presence of mind to repress the impertinence of their young partners,

who sought to direct to themselves those sighs which the lips of

our agitated beauties intended for heaven. Some of the gentlemen

had gone down-stairs to smoke a quiet cigar, and the rest of the

company gladly embraced a happy suggestion of the hostess to retire

into another room which was provided with shutters and curtains.

We had hardly got there, when Charlotte placed the chairs in a

circle; and, when the company had sat down in compliance with her

request, she forthwith proposed a round game.

I noticed some of the company prepare their mouths and draw

themselves up at the prospect of some agreeable forfeit. "Let us

play at counting," said Charlotte. "Now, pay attention: I shall

go round the circle from right to left; and each person is to count,

one after the other, the number that comes to him, and must count

fast; whoever stops or mistakes is to have a box on the ear, and

so on, till we have counted a thousand." It was delightful to see

the fun. She went round the circle with upraised arm. "One,"

said the first; "two," the second; "three," the third; and so on,

till Charlotte went faster and faster. One made a mistake, instantly

a box on the ear; and, amid the laughter that ensued, came another

box; and so on, faster and faster. I myself came in for two. I

fancied they were harder than the rest, and felt quite delighted.

A general laughter and confusion put an end to the game long before

we had counted as far as a thousand. The party broke up into

little separate knots: the storm had ceased, and I followed Charlotte

into the ballroom. On the way she said, "The game banished their

fears of the storm." I could make no reply. "I myself," she

continued, "was as much frightened as any of them; but by affecting

courage, to keep up the spirits of the others, I forgot my

apprehensions." We went to the window. It was still thundering

at a distance: a soft rain was pouring down over the country,

and filled the air around us with delicious odours. Charlotte

leaned forward on her arm; her eyes wandered over the scene; she

raised them to the sky, and then turned them upon me; they were

moistened with tears; she placed her hand on mine and said,

"Klopstock!" at once I remembered the magnificent ode which was

in her thoughts: I felt oppressed with the weight of my sensations,

and sank under them. It was more than I could bear. I bent over

her hand, kissed it in a stream of delicious tears, and again

looked up to her eyes. Divine Klopstock! why didst thou not see

thy apotheosis in those eyes? And thy name so often profaned,

would that I never heard it repeated!

JUNE 19.

I no longer remember where I stopped in my narrative: I only know

it was two in the morning when I went to bed; and if you had been

with me, that I might have talked instead of writing to you, I

should, in all probability, have kept you up till daylight.

I think I have not yet related what happened as we rode home from

the ball, nor have I time to tell you now. It was a most magnificent

sunrise: the whole country was refreshed, and the rain fell drop

by drop from the trees in the forest. Our companions were asleep.

Charlotte asked me if I did not wish to sleep also, and begged of

me not to make any ceremony on her account. Looking steadfastly

at her, I answered, "As long as I see those eyes open, there is

no fear of my falling asleep." We both continued awake till we

reached her door. The maid opened it softly, and assured her, in

answer to her inquiries, that her father and the children were

well, and still sleeping. I left her asking permission to visit

her in the course of the day. She consented, and I went, and,

since that time, sun, moon, and stars may pursue their course: I

know not whether it is day or night; the whole world is nothing

to me.

JUNE 21.

My days are as happy as those reserved by God for his elect; and,

whatever be my fate hereafter, I can never say that I have not

tasted joy, -- the purest joy of life. You know Walheim. I am

now completely settled there. In that spot I am only half a league

from Charlotte; and there I enjoy myself, and taste all the pleasure

which can fall to the lot of man.

Little did I imagine, when I selected Walheim for my pedestrian

excursions, that all heaven lay so near it. How often in my

wanderings from the hillside or from the meadows across the river,

have I beheld this hunting-lodge, which now contains within it all

the joy of my heart!

I have often, my dear Wilhelm, reflected on the eagerness men feel

to wander and make new discoveries, and upon that secret impulse

which afterward inclines them to return to their narrow circle,

conform to the laws of custom, and embarrass themselves no longer

with what passes around them.

It is so strange how, when I came here first, and gazed upon that

lovely valley from the hillside, I felt charmed with the entire

scene surrounding me. The little wood opposite -- how delightful

to sit under its shade! How fine the view from that point of

rock! Then, that delightful chain of hills, and the exquisite

valleys at their feet! Could I but wander and lose myself amongst

them! I went, and returned without finding what I wished. Distance,

my friend, is like futurity. A dim vastness is spread before our

souls: the perceptions of our mind are as obscure as those of our

vision; and we desire earnestly to surrender up our whole being,

that it may be filled with the complete and perfect bliss of one

glorious emotion. But alas! when we have attained our object,

when the distant there becomes the present here, all is changed:

we are as poor and circumscribed as ever, and our souls still

languish for unattainable happiness.

So does the restless traveller pant for his native soil, and find

in his own cottage, in the arms of his wife, in the affections of

his children, and in the labour necessary for their support, that

happiness which he had sought in vain through the wide world.

When, in the morning at sunrise, I go out to Walheim, and with my

own hands gather in the garden the pease which are to serve for

my dinner, when I sit down to shell them, and read my Homer during

the intervals, and then, selecting a saucepan from the kitchen,

fetch my own butter, put my mess on the fire, cover it up, and sit

down to stir it as occasion requires, I figure to myself the

illustrious suitors of Penelope, killing, dressing, and preparing

their own oxen and swine. Nothing fills me with a more pure and

genuine sense of happiness than those traits of patriarchal life

which, thank Heaven! I can imitate without affectation. Happy is

it, indeed, for me that my heart is capable of feeling the same

simple and innocent pleasure as the peasant whose table is covered

with food of his own rearing, and who not only enjoys his meal, but

remembers with delight the happy days and sunny mornings when he

planted it, the soft evenings when he watered it, and the pleasure

he experienced in watching its daily growth.

JUNE 29.

The day before yesterday, the physician came from the town to pay

a visit to the judge. He found me on the floor playing with

Charlotte's children. Some of them were scrambling over me, and

others romped with me; and, as I caught and tickled them, they

made a great noise. The doctor is a formal sort of personage: he

adjusts the plaits of his ruffles, and continually settles his

frill whilst he is talking to you; and he thought my conduct beneath

the dignity of a sensible man. I could perceive this by his

countenance. But I did not suffer myself to be disturbed. I

allowed him to continue his wise conversation, whilst I rebuilt

the children's card houses for them as fast as they threw them

down. He went about the town afterward, complaining that the

judge's children were spoiled enough before, but that now Werther

was completely ruining them.

Yes, my dear Wilhelm, nothing on this earth affects my heart so

much as children. When I look on at their doings; when I mark in

the little creatures the seeds of all those virtues and qualities

which they will one day find so indispensable; when I behold in

the obstinate all the future firmness and constancy of a noble

character; in the capricious, that levity and gaiety of temper

which will carry them lightly over the dangers and troubles of

life, their whole nature simple and unpolluted, -- then I call

to mind the golden words of the Great Teacher of mankind, "Unless

ye become like one of these!" And now, my friend, these children,

who are our equals, whom we ought to consider as our models, we

treat them as though they were our subjects. They are allowed no

will of their own. And have we, then, none ourselves? Whence comes

our exclusive right? Is it because we are older and more experienced?

Great God! from the height of thy heaven thou beholdest great

children and little children, and no others; and thy Son has long

since declared which afford thee greatest pleasure. But they

believe in him, and hear him not, --that, too, is an old story;

and they train their children after their own image, etc.

Adieu, Wilhelm: I will not further bewilder myself with this subject.

JULY 1.

The consolation Charlotte can bring to an invalid I experience

from my own heart, which suffers more from her absence than many

a poor creature lingering on a bed of sickness. She is gone to

spend a few days in the town with a very worthy woman, who is given

over by the physicians, and wishes to have Charlotte near her in

her last moments. I accompanied her last week on a visit to the

Vicar of S--, a small village in the mountains, about a league

hence. We arrived about four o'clock: Charlotte had taken her

little sister with her. When we entered the vicarage court, we

found the good old man sitting on a bench before the door, under

the shade of two large walnut-trees. At the sight of Charlotte

he seemed to gain new life, rose, forgot his stick, and ventured

to walk toward her. She ran to him, and made him sit down again;

then, placing herself by his side, she gave him a number of messages

from her father, and then caught up his youngest child, a dirty,

ugly little thing, the joy of his old age, and kissed it. I wish

you could have witnessed her attention to this old man, --how she

raised her voice on account of his deafness; how she told him of

healthy young people, who had been carried off when it was least

expected; praised the virtues of Carlsbad, and commended his

determination to spend the ensuing summer there; and assured him

that he looked better and stronger than he did when she saw him

last. I, in the meantime, paid attention to his good lady. The

old man seemed quite in spirits; and as I could not help admiring

the beauty of the walnut-trees, which formed such an agreeable

shade over our heads, he began, though with some little difficulty,

to tell us their history. "As to the oldest," said he, "we do not

know who planted it, -- some say one clergyman, and some another:

but the younger one, there behind us, is exactly the age of my wife,

fifty years old next October; her father planted it in the morning,

and in the evening she came into the world. My wife's father was

my predecessor here, and I cannot tell you how fond he was of that

tree; and it is fully as dear to me. Under the shade of that very

tree, upon a log of wood, my wife was seated knitting, when I, a

poor student, came into this court for the first time, just seven

and twenty years ago." Charlotte inquired for his daughter. He

said she was gone with Herr Schmidt to the meadows, and was with

the haymakers. The old man then resumed his story, and told us

how his predecessor had taken a fancy to him, as had his daughter

likewise; and how he had become first his curate, and subsequently

his successor. He had scarcely finished his story when his daughter

returned through the garden, accompanied by the above-mentioned

Herr Schmidt. She welcomed Charlotte affectionately, and I confess

I was much taken with her appearance. She was a lively-looking,

good-humoured brunette, quite competent to amuse one for a short

time in the country. Her lover (for such Herr Schmidt evidently

appeared to be) was a polite, reserved personage, and would not

join our conversation, notwithstanding all Charlotte's endeavours

to draw him out. I was much annoyed at observing, by his countenance,

that his silence did not arise from want of talent, but from caprice

and ill-humour. This subsequently became very evident, when we

set out to take a walk, and Frederica joining Charlotte, with whom

I was talking, the worthy gentleman's face, which was naturally

rather sombre, became so dark and angry that Charlotte was obliged

to touch my arm, and remind me that I was talking too much to

Frederica. Nothing distresses me more than to see men torment

each other; particularly when in the flower of their age, in the

very season of pleasure, they waste their few short days of sunshine

in quarrels and disputes, and only perceive their error when it

is too late to repair it. This thought dwelt upon my mind; and

in the evening, when we returned to the vicar's, and were sitting

round the table with our bread end milk, the conversation turned

on the joys and sorrows of the world, I could not resist the

temptation to inveigh bitterly against ill-humour. "We are apt,"

said I, "to complain, but - with very little cause, that our happy

days are few, and our evil days many. If our hearts were always

disposed to receive the benefits Heaven sends us, we should acquire

strength to support evil when it comes." "But," observed the vicar's

wife, "we cannot always command our tempers, so much depends upon

the constitution: when the body suffers, the mind is ill at ease."

"I acknowledge that," I continued; "but we must consider such a

disposition in the light of a disease, and inquire whether there

is no remedy for it."

"I should be glad to hear one," said Charlotte: "at least, I think

very much depends upon ourselves; I know it is so with me. When

anything annoys me, and disturbs my temper, I hasten into the

garden, hum a couple of country dances, and it is all right with

me directly." "That is what I meant," I replied; "ill-humour

resembles indolence: it is natural to us; but if once we have

courage to exert ourselves, we find our work run fresh from our

hands, and we experience in the activity from which we shrank a

real enjoyment." Frederica listened very attentively: and the

young man objected, that we were not masters of ourselves, and

still less so of our feelings. "The question is about a disagreeable

feeling," I added, "from which every one would willingly escape,

but none know their own power without trial. Invalids are glad

to consult physicians, and submit to the most scrupulous regimen,

the most nauseous medicines, in order to recover their health."

I observed that the good old man inclined his head, and exerted

himself to hear our discourse; so I raised my voice, and addressed

myself directly to him. We preach against a great many crimes,"

I observed, "but I never remember a sermon delivered against

ill-humour." "That may do very well for your town clergymen,"

said he: "country people are never ill-humoured; though, indeed,

it might be useful, occasionally, to my wife for instance, and the

judge." We all laughed, as did he likewise very cordially, till

he fell into a fit of coughing, which interrupted our conversation

for a time. Herr Schmidt resumed the subject. "You call ill

humour a crime," he remarked, "but I think you use too strong a

term." "Not at all," I replied, "if that deserves the name which

is so pernicious to ourselves and our neighbours. Is it not enough

that we want the power to make one another happy, must we deprive

each other of the pleasure which we can all make for ourselves?

Show me the man who has the courage to hide his ill-humour, who

bears the whole burden himself, without disturbing the peace of

those around him. No: ill-humour arises from an inward consciousness

of our own want of merit, from a discontent which ever accompanies

that envy which foolish vanity engenders. We see people happy,

whom we have not made so, and cannot endure the sight." Charlotte

looked at me with a smile; she observed the emotion with which I

spoke: and a tear in the eyes of Frederica stimulated me to proceed.

"Woe unto those," I said, "who use their power over a human heart

to destroy the simple pleasures it would naturally enjoy! All the

favours, all the attentions, in the world cannot compensate for

the loss of that happiness which a cruel tyranny has destroyed."

My heart was full as I spoke. A recollection of many things which

had happened pressed upon my mind, and filled my eyes with tears.

"We should daily repeat to ourselves," I exclaimed, "that we should

not interfere with our friends, unless to leave them in possession

of their own joys, and increase their happiness by sharing it with

them! But when their souls are tormented by a violent passion,

or their hearts rent with grief, is it in your power to afford

them the slightest consolation?

"And when the last fatal malady seizes the being whose untimely

grave you have prepared, when she lies languid and exhausted before

you, her dim eyes raised to heaven, and the damp of death upon her

pallid brow, there you stand at her bedside like a condemned

criminal, with the bitter feeling that your whole fortune could

not save her; and the agonising thought wrings you, that all your

efforts are powerless to impart even a moment's strength to the

departing soul, or quicken her with a transitory consolation."

At these words the remembrance of a similar scene at which I had

been once present fell with full force upon my heart. I buried my

face in my handkerchief, and hastened from the room, and was only

recalled to my recollection by Charlotte's voice, who reminded me

that it was time to return home. With what tenderness she chid

me on the way for the too eager interest I took in everything!

She declared it would do me injury, and that I ought to spare

myself. Yes, my angel! I will do so for your sake.

JULY 6.

She is still with her dying friend, and is still the same bright,

beautiful creature whose presence softens pain, and sheds happiness

around whichever way she turns. She went out yesterday with her

little sisters: I knew it, and went to meet them; and we walked

together. In about an hour and a half we returned to the town.

We stopped at the spring I am so fond of, and which is now a

thousand times dearer to me than ever. Charlotte seated herself

upon the low wall, and we gathered about her. I looked around,

and recalled the time when my heart was unoccupied and free.

"Dear fountain!" I said, "since that time I have no more come to

enjoy cool repose by thy fresh stream: I have passed thee with

careless steps, and scarcely bestowed a glance upon thee." I

looked down, and observed Charlotte's little sister, Jane, coming

up the steps with a glass of water. I turned toward Charlotte,

and I felt her influence over me. Jane at the moment approached

with the glass. Her sister, Marianne, wished to take it from her.

"No!" cried the child, with the sweetest expression of face,

"Charlotte must drink first."

The affection and simplicity with which this was uttered so charmed

me, that I sought to express my feelings by catching up the child

and kissing her heartily. She was frightened, and began to cry.

"You should not do that," said Charlotte: I felt perplexed. "Come,

Jane," she continued, taking her hand, and leading her down the

steps again, "it is no matter: wash yourself quickly in the fresh

water." I stood and watched them; and when I saw the little dear

rubbing her cheeks with her wet hands, in full belief that all

the impurities contracted from my ugly beard would be washed off

by the miraculous water, and how, though Charlotte said it would

do, she continued still to wash with all her might, as though she

thought too much were better than too little, I assure you, Wilhelm,

I never attended a baptism with greater reverence; and, when

Charlotte came up from the well, I could have prostrated myself

as before the prophet of an Eastern nation.

In the evening I would not resist telling the story to a person

who, I thought, possessed some natural feeling, because he was a

man of understanding. But what a mistake I made. He maintained

it was very wrong of Charlotte, that we should not deceive children,

that such things occasioned countless mistakes and superstitions,

from which we were bound to protect the young. It occurred to me

then, that this very man had been baptised only a week before; so

I said nothing further, but maintained the justice of my own

convictions. We should deal with children as God deals with us,

we are happiest under the influence of innocent delusions.

JULY 8.

What a child is man that he should be so solicitous about a look!

What a child is man! We had been to Walheim: the ladies went in

a carriage; but during our walk I thought I saw in Charlotte's

dark eyes -- I am a fool -- but forgive me! you should see them,

-- those eyes. -- However, to be brief (for my own eyes are weighed

down with sleep), you must know, when the ladies stepped into their

carriage again, young W. Seldstadt, Andran, and I were standing

about the door. They are a merry set of fellows, and they were

all laughing and joking together. I watched Charlotte's eyes.

They wandered from one to the other; but they did not light on me,

on me, who stood there motionless, and who saw nothing but her!

My heart bade her a thousand times adieu, but she noticed me not.

The carriage drove off; and my eyes filled with tears. I looked

after her: suddenly I saw Charlotte's bonnet leaning out of the

window, and she turned to look back, was it at me? My dear friend,

I know not; and in this uncertainty I find consolation. Perhaps

she turned to look at me. Perhaps! Good-night -- what a child I am!

JULY lO.

You should see how foolish I look in company when her name is

mentioned, particularly when I am asked plainly how I like her.

How I like her! I detest the phrase. What sort of creature must

he be who merely liked Charlotte, whose whole heart and senses

were not entirely absorbed by her. Like her! Some one asked me

lately how I liked Ossian.

JULY 11.

Madame M-- is very ill. I pray for her recovery, because Charlotte

shares my sufferings. I see her occasionally at my friend's house,

and to-day she has told me the strangest circumstance. Old M--

is a covetous, miserly fellow, who has long worried and annoyed

the poor lady sadly; but she has borne her afflictions patiently.

A few days ago, when the physician informed us that her recovery

was hopeless, she sent for her husband (Charlotte was present),

and addressed him thus: "I have something to confess, which, after

my decease, may occasion trouble and confusion. I have hitherto

conducted your household as frugally and economically as possible,

but you must pardon me for having defrauded you for thirty years.

At the commencement of our married life, you allowed a small sum

for the wants of the kitchen, and the other household expenses.

When our establishment increased and our property grew larger, I

could not persuade you to increase the weekly allowance in proportion:

in short, you know, that, when our wants were greatest, you required

me to supply everything with seven florins a week. I took the

money from you without an observation, but made up the weekly

deficiency from the money-chest; as nobody would suspect your wife

of robbing the household bank. But I have wasted nothing, and

should have been content to meet my eternal Judge without this

confession, if she, upon whom the management of your establishment

will devolve after my decease, would be free from embarrassment

upon your insisting that the allowance made to me, your former

wife, was sufficient."

I talked with Charlotte of the inconceivable manner in which men

allow themselves to be blinded; how any one could avoid suspecting

some deception, when seven florins only were allowed to defray

expenses twice as great. But I have myself known people who

believed, without any visible astonishment, that their house

possessed the prophet's never-failing cruse of oil.

JULY 13.

No, I am not deceived. In her dark eyes I read a genuine interest

in me and in my fortunes. Yes, I feel it; and I may believe my

own heart which tells me -- dare I say it? -- dare I pronounce

the divine words? -- that she loves me!

That she loves me! How the idea exalts me in my own eyes! And,

as you can understand my feelings, I may say to you, how I honour

myself since she loves me!

Is this presumption, or is it a consciousness of the truth? I do

not know a man able to supplant me in the heart of Charlotte; and

yet when she speaks of her betrothed with so much warmth and

affection, I feel like the soldier who has been stripped of his

honours and titles, and deprived of his sword.

JULY 16.

How my heart beats when by accident I touch her finger, or my feet

meet hers under the table! I draw back as if from a furnace; but

a secret force impels me forward again, and my senses become

disordered. Her innocent, unconscious heart never knows what agony

these little familiarities inflict upon me. Sometimes when we

are talking she Iays her hand upon mine, and in the eagerness of

conversation comes closer to me, and her balmy breath reaches my

lips, -- when I feel as if lightning had struck me, and that I

could sink into the earth. And yet, Wilhelm, with all this heavenly

confidence, -- if I know myself, and should ever dare -- you

understand me. No, no! my heart is not so corrupt, it is weak,

weak enough but is not that a degree of corruption?

She is to me a sacred being. All passion is still in her presence:

I cannot express my sensations when I am near her. I feel as if

my soul beat in every nerve of my body. There is a melody which

she plays on the piano with angelic skill, -- so simple is it,

and yet so spiritual! It is her favourite air; and, when she

plays the first note, all pain, care, and sorrow disappear from

me in a moment.

I believe every word that is said of the magic of ancient music.

How her simple song enchants me! Sometimes, when I am ready to

commit suicide, she sings that air; and instantly the gloom and

madness which hung over me are dispersed, and I breathe freely

again.

JULY 18.

Wilhelm, what is the world to our hearts without love? What is

a magic-lantern without light? You have but to kindle the flame

within, and the brightest figures shine on the white wall; and,

if love only show us fleeting shadows, we are yet happy, when,

like mere children, we behold them, and are transported with the

splendid phantoms. I have not been able to see Charlotte to-day.

I was prevented by company from which I could not disengage myself.

What was to be done? I sent my servant to her house, that I might

at least see somebody to-day who had been near her. Oh, the

impatience with which I waited for his return! the joy with which

I welcomed him! I should certainly have caught him in my arms,

and kissed him, if I had not been ashamed.

It is said that the Bonona stone, when placed in the sun, attracts

the rays, and for a time appears luminous in the dark. So was it

with me and this servant. The idea that Charlotte's eyes had dwelt

on his countenance, his cheek, his very apparel, endeared them all

inestimably to me, so that at the moment I would not have parted

from him for a thousand crowns. His presence made me so happy!

Beware of laughing at me, Wilhelm. Can that be a delusion which

makes us happy?

JULY 19.

"I shall see her today!" I exclaim with delight, when I rise in

the morning, and look out with gladness of heart at the bright,

beautiful sun. "I shall see her today!" And then I have no

further wish to form: all, all is included in that one thought.

JULY 2O.

I cannot assent to your proposal that I should accompany the

ambassador to _______. I do not love subordination; and we all

know that he is a rough, disagreeable person to be connected with.

You say my mother wishes me to be employed. I could not help

laughing at that. Am I not sufficiently employed? And is it not

in reality the same, whether I shell peas or count lentils? The

world runs on from one folly to another; and the man who, solely

from regard to the opinion of others, and without any wish or

necessity of his own, toils after gold, honour, or any other

phantom, is no better than a fool.

JULY 24.

You insist so much on my not neglecting my drawing, that it would

be as well for me to say nothing as to confess how little I have

lately done.

I never felt happier, I never understood nature better, even down

to the veriest stem or smallest blade of grass; and yet I am

unable to express myself: my powers of execution are so weak,

everything seems to swim and float before me, so that I cannot

make a clear, bold outline. But I fancy I should succeed better

if I had some clay or wax to model. I shall try, if this state

of mind continues much longer, and will take to modelling, if I

only knead dough.

I have commenced Charlotte's portrait three times, and have as

often disgraced myself. This is the more annoying, as I was

formerly very happy in taking likenesses. I have since sketched

her profile, and must content myself with that.

JULY 25.

Yes, dear Charlotte! I will order and arrange everything. Only

give me more commissions, the more the better. One thing, however,

I must request: use no more writing-sand with the dear notes you

send me. Today I raised your letter hastily to my lips, and it

set my teeth on edge.

JULY 26.

I have often determined not to see her so frequently. But who

could keep such a resolution? Every day I am exposed to the

temptation, and promise faithfully that to-morrow I will really

stay away: but, when tomorrow comes, I find some irresistible

reason for seeing her; and, before I can account for it, I am with

her again. Either she has said on the previous evening "You will

be sure to call to-morrow," -- and who could stay away then? --or

she gives me some commission, and I find it essential to take

her the answer in person; or the day is fine, and I walk to Walheim;

and, when I am there, it is only half a league farther to her. I

am within the charmed atmosphere, and soon find myself at her side.

My grandmother used to tell us a story of a mountain of loadstone.

When any vessels came near it, they were instantly deprived of

their ironwork: the nails flew to the mountain, and the unhappy

crew perished amidst the disjointed planks.

JULY 30.

Albert is arrived, and I must take my departure. Were he the best

and noblest of men, and I in every respect his inferior, I could

not endure to see him in possession of such a perfect being.

Possession! -- enough, Wilhelm: her betrothed is here, -- a fine,

worthy fellow, whom one cannot help liking. Fortunately I was not

present at their meeting. It would have broken my heart! And he

is so considerate: he has not given Charlotte one kiss in my

presence. Heaven reward him for it! I must love him for the

respect with which he treats her. He shows a regard for me, but

for this I suspect I am more indebted to Charlotte than to his own

fancy for me. Women have a delicate tact in such matters, and it

should be so. They cannot always succeed in keeping two rivals

on terms with each other; but, when they do, they are the only

gainers.

I cannot help esteeming Albert. The coolness of his temper contrasts

strongly with the impetuosity of mine, which I cannot conceal.

He has a great deal of feeling, and is fully sensible of the

treasure he possesses in Charlotte. He is free from ill-humour,

which you know is the fault I detest most.

He regards me as a man of sense; and my attachment to Charlotte,

and the interest I take in all that concerns her, augment his

triumph and his love. I shall not inquire whether he may not at

times tease her with some little jealousies; as I know, that, were

I in his place, I should not be entirely free from such sensations.

But, be that as it may, my pleasure with Charlotte is over. Call

it folly or infatuation, what signifies a name? The thing speaks

for itself. Before Albert came, I knew all that I know now. I

knew I could make no pretensions to her, nor did I offer any, that

is, as far as it was possible, in the presence of so much loveliness,

not to pant for its enjoyment. And now, behold me like a silly

fellow, staring with astonishment when another comes in, and

deprives me of my love.

I bite my lips, and feel infinite scorn for those who tell me to

be resigned, because there is no help for it. Let me escape from

the yoke of such silly subterfuges! I ramble through the woods;

and when I return to Charlotte, and find Albert sitting by her

side in the summer-house in the garden, I am unable to bear it,

behave like a fool, and commit a thousand extravagances. "For

Heaven's sake," said Charlotte today, "let us have no more scenes

like those of last night! You terrify me when you are so violent."

Between ourselves, I am always away now when he visits her: and I

feel delighted when I find her alone.

AUGUST 8.

Believe me, dear Wilhelm, I did not allude to you when I spoke so

severely of those who advise resignation to inevitable fate. I

did not think it possible for you to indulge such a sentiment.

But in fact you are right. I only suggest one objection. In this

world one is seldom reduced to make a selection between two

alternatives. There are as many varieties of conduct and opinion

as there are turns of feature between an aquiline nose and a flat

one.

You will, therefore, permit me to concede your entire argument,

and yet contrive means to escape your dilemma.

Your position is this, I hear you say: "Either you have hopes of

obtaining Charlotte, or you have none. Well, in the first case,

pursue your course, and press on to the fulfilment of your wishes.

In the second, be a man, and shake off a miserable passion, which

will enervate and destroy you." My dear friend, this is well and

easily said.

But would you require a wretched being, whose life is slowly wasting

under a lingering disease, to despatch himself at once by the

stroke of a dagger? Does not the very disorder which consumes his

strength deprive him of the courage to effect his deliverance?

You may answer me, if you please, with a similar analogy, "Who

would not prefer the amputation of an arm to the periling of life

by doubt and procrastination!" But I know not if I am right, and

let us leave these comparisons.

Enough! There are moments, Wilhelm, when I could rise up and shake

it all off, and when, if I only knew where to go, I could fly from

this place.